Historically, Irezumi has held diverse meanings in Japanese society. While it was once used for punitive markings during the Edo period, identifying criminals with visible tattoos, it simultaneously flourished as a clandestine art form. Firefighters, laborers, and even wealthy merchants, who were forbidden from flaunting their wealth openly, adorned their bodies with elaborate designs hidden beneath their clothing. This dual nature – a mark of shame and a symbol of rebellion or protection – underscores the complex identity of Irezumi.

The aesthetic principles of Irezumi are paramount. Designs often cover large expanses of the body, forming cohesive "bodysuits" that follow the natural contours and musculature. Unlike Western tattoos which often serve as individual statements, Irezumi focuses on the flow and harmony of the entire composition. This meticulous planning is evident in elements like mikiri, the black and grey background work (waves, wind bars, clouds, rocks) that creates a sense of movement and context for the main motifs. The goal is to ensure the tattoo looks elegant and dynamic with the body's movements.

The catalog showcases a rich tapestry of traditional motifs, each laden with symbolism. Dragons, representing power, wisdom, and the heavens, are a common choice. Koi fish symbolize strength, perseverance, and courage, particularly in their ability to swim upstream. Phoenixes signify rebirth and triumph, while tigers embody strength, courage, and protection against evil spirits. Floral elements such as the peony (wealth, prosperity), chrysanthemum (perfection, longevity), and cherry blossoms (the fleeting nature of life) add layers of meaning and beauty. Mythological figures, legendary heroes, and characters from folklore also frequently appear, often conveying tales of bravery, loyalty, or protection.